The Impact of US Funding Freeze on Civil Society Around the World

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Opinion

Gina Romero is UN Special Rapporteur on the rights to freedom of assembly and of association

Gina Romero

BOGOTA, Colombia, Feb 27 2025 (IPS) – The U.S. administration has the prerogative to review and adjust public expenditure policies, including foreign aid. However, this power must be exercised responsibly, adhering to national and international legal frameworks, including the principles of human rights law.


The recent decisions by the Trump administration to freeze federal grants and loans, including foreign aid, have raised serious concerns about the implications for local, national and international associations.

These measures, which followed executive orders aimed at “reevaluating” U.S. foreign assistance and terminating diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) programs, risk undermining the freedoms that are vital to democratic societies.

In a letter sent to the USG, 35 UN experts indicate that the freeze on funding and stop work orders has been described as a drastic measure that could have a far-reaching impact on the ability of individuals and organizations to advocate for and protect human rights.

The decision to stop work on federal projects, including critical programs funded through foreign aid, is having an immediate effect on vulnerable communities and human rights defenders worldwide. The ripple effects are particularly severe for marginalized groups who depend on these resources for essential services like healthcare, education, access to food and housing.

These measures also disproportionately affect organizations working on gender equality, LGBTIQ issues, reproductive rights, and poverty alleviation, which are already underfunded and face significant challenges in the global South.

The implications of these measures affect different type of associations, including small and medium-sized businesses, not-for-profit entities, civil society organizations, universities, faith-based groups, and even scientific research institutions that rely on U.S. funding to carry out their work.

The speed and scale of the funding freeze have left these entities unable to fulfil their missions. Some have already been forced to lay off staff, suspend vital programs, and even close their doors, leading to the shrinking of civic space in countries where they have long been key players in advocating for democracy, human rights, and sustainable development.

The Need for Proportionality, Transparency, and Legal Compliance

While the goal of effective public expenditure is commendable, its success depends on a transparent and inclusive process that is in line with legal standards, including international human rights law. These measures, which were implemented with little consultation or clear communication, have not adhered to the principle of proportionality, which is enshrined in both domestic and international law.

The absence of transparent guidelines, accountability mechanisms, respect for due process, and avenues for appeal is troubling, especially when the measures have such wide-reaching consequences.

International human rights law, including the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), to which the United States is a signatory, guarantees the right to freedom of association. This right not only protects the ability to form associations but also to carry out the activities for which those associations were established.

The freedom to access resources is a critical component of this right, as it enables organizations to seek, receive, and use resources from a variety of sources, both domestic and international. When funding is denied, it effectively denies organizations the means to operate, undermining their ability to fulfil their missions.

The freeze on U.S. funding, without due process or clear guidelines, is in direct conflict with these principles. The lack of clarity on how decisions are made or how organizations can challenge them undermines the rights of associations.

Furthermore, the failure to involve stakeholders—including U.S. civil society organizations—in the decision-making process is a violation of the principles of democratic governance and transparency.

The Global Impact of U.S. Funding Decisions

The far-reaching consequences of the funding freeze are most acutely felt in countries where U.S. aid supports critical initiatives in areas such as healthcare, education, peacebuilding, and human rights protection.

For example, programs addressing sexual and reproductive health are at immediate risk of cessation. Similarly, efforts to combat gender-based violence, support displaced communities, and provide education to marginalized groups are being disrupted.

In addition to these humanitarian concerns, the freeze also threatens to derail long-standing initiatives aimed at promoting democracy, good governance, and the rule of law. U.S. foreign aid has long been a pillar of support for civil society organizations that monitor elections, promote anti-corruption efforts, and advocate for human rights protections, among others.

The suspension of funding to these programs undermines not only the work of these organizations but also the broader goal of promoting democratic values worldwide.

The U.S. government’s decision to cut funding to programs that address discrimination—particularly those related to DEI initiatives—has sparked additional controversy. These measures have the potential to undermine efforts to protect individuals from workplace discrimination and ensure equal access to opportunities.

By targeting DEI programs, the administration is signalling a shift away from policies designed to address structural inequalities, which could have long-term negative effects on social justice worlwide.

The Stigmatization of Civil Society Organizations

Another concerning consequence of these decisions is the stigmatization of associations managing and receiving U.S. funding. The administration’s rhetoric has painted many civil society organizations as threats to national security.

This kind of stigmatization is dangerous because its fosters hostility toward groups that are engaged in legitimate advocacy for development, human rights and democratic governance.

Also, it places these organizations—and their staff—at risk of harassment, intimidation, and even physical violence, particularly in countries where civil society organizations are already under threat. Stigmatization is the entry door for repression and violence.

This pattern of vilification has serious consequences. As I noted in my more recent report to the UN General Assembly, negative narratives about civil society organizations and other associations deepen the stigmatization of activists and organizations, leading to increased repression, physical attacks, and online harassment.

These dynamics create an environment in which activists and civil society organizations are seen not as contributors to public good but as enemies.

The Path Forward: Upholding Human Rights and Civil Society

The decision to freeze funding may have been motivated by a desire to ensure more effective public spending, but it risks doing lasting damage to civil society. The lack of transparency, failure to follow due process, and disregard for international human rights law make these measures problematic.

To ensure that the U.S. upholds its commitment to human rights and the freedom of association, it is imperative that the U.S. government must urgently comply with the recent court orders, pay invoices, reconsider the impact of its freeze on foreign aid and federal grants and to compensate for the damage done. Besides, future decisions regarding foreign aid and public funding be made with greater clarity, accountability, and respect for the rule of law.

The U.S. must also recognize that associations in general and civil society organizations in particular are critical to the realization of human rights. These organizations play an essential role in advocating for the protection of fundamental freedoms, including the rights to health, education, and social justice.

Freezing funding and issuing stop work orders without clear and transparent procedures not only undermines these organizations but also threatens to dismantle vital systems of support for marginalized communities.

It is crucial that the U.S. government ensures that future funding decisions are made with respect for international human rights standards, that organizations are able to access the resources they need to carry out their work, and that the right to freedom of association is upheld.

In conclusion, the freeze on U.S. funding represents a significant threat to the functioning of civil society organizations and to the protection of human rights globally. While the government’s decision to review public expenditure is within its rights, the approach taken thus far raises serious concerns about transparency, proportionality, and adherence to international human rights law.

To avoid further harm, the U.S. must prioritize the protection of civil society, uphold the right to freedom of association, and ensure that any policy changes are made in a manner that respects the fundamental freedoms on which democracy depends.

IPS UN Bureau

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10 best Bob Marley songs of all time

* 1. No Woman, No Cry’ (1974); 2. ‘One Love/People Get Ready’ (1977); 3. ‘Redemption Song’ (1980); 4. ‘Three Little Birds’ (1977); 5. *Buffalo Soldier’ (1983)

* 6. ‘Could You Be Loved’ (1980); 7. ‘Is This Love’ (1978); 8. ‘Jamming’ (1977); 9. ‘Stir It Up’ (1973); 10. ‘I Shot the Sheriff’ (1973)

Maravi Express

Jamaican singer, songwriter and guitarist, Robert Nesta Marley (Order of Merit), born on February, 6 1945 and died on May 11, 1981, was considered one of the pioneers of reggae, of which he fused elements of reggae, ska and rocksteady.

Bob Marley was renowned for his distinctive vocal and songwriting style and he increased the visibility of Jamaican music worldwide and became a global figure in popular culture.

He became known as a Rastafarian icon, who infused his music with a sense of spirituality while also considered a global symbol of Jamaican music, culture and identity.

Marley, who was controversial in his outspoken support for democratic social reforms, also supported Pan-Africanisim, thus his songs resonate well with African liberation right from the 1960s.

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Music expert, Samuel Moore, a frequent contributor to Singers Room, the voice of R&B around the world since 2005, contends that few artists have left a legacy as powerful as Bob Marley.

“More than just a musician, he was a revolutionary voice for peace, love, and social change,” he wrote for Singersroom.com; https://singersroom.com/w76/best-bob-marley-songs-of-all-time/ on February 19.

“His songs transcended borders, uniting people with messages of unity, resistance, and hope. With his signature reggae rhythms and soul-stirring lyrics, Marley transformed music forever, making reggae a global force that still resonates today.

“From anthems of freedom like ‘Redemption Song’ to feel-good classics like ‘Three Little Birds’, Marley’s music remains as relevant and inspiring as ever. Whether you’re a lifelong fan or just discovering his genius, these songs capture the very essence of his artistry.

“His ability to blend deep political messages with infectious melodies made him one of the most influential artists of all time.”

He thus highlighted the list of top 10 most popular Bob Marley songs, the celebrate the tracks that have defined generations: “These are the songs that continue to fill the airwaves, inspire movements, and keep Marley’s spirit alive.

1. ‘No Woman, No Cry(1974)

One of Bob Marley’s most moving and heartfelt songs, ‘No Woman, No Cry’ is a powerful anthem of resilience, hope, and comfort. Originally released on his 1974 album Natty Dread, the song paints a vivid picture of life in Trenchtown, the impoverished neighborhood in Kingston, Jamaica, where Marley grew up.

Through its soothing melody and deeply emotional lyrics, the song reassures a struggling woman that better days are ahead. While the original studio recording is touching, it was the 1975 live version from Live! — recorded at London’s Lyceum Theatre — that truly immortalised the song.

With its warm organ melodies and Marley’s raw, soulful delivery, it became one of reggae’s most cherished classics.

2. ‘One Love/People Get Ready’ (1977)

A timeless anthem of peace and unity, ‘One Love’ is perhaps Bob Marley’s most recognisable song. Originally recorded with The Wailers in 1965, the version that gained worldwide fame was released on Exodus in 1977.

Infused with spiritual and political messages, the song incorporates elements from Curtis Mayfield’s People Get Ready, blending themes of love, hope, and togetherness.

With its upbeat rhythm, infectious harmonies, and universally uplifting lyrics, ‘One Love’ became an international symbol of social change and a rallying cry for world peace.

3. ‘Redemption Song’ (1980)

Stripping away his signature reggae sound, ‘Redemption Song’ is a deeply introspective acoustic ballad that stands as one of Marley’s most profound works.

Released on Uprising in 1980, the song was written while Marley was battling cancer, giving its lyrics even greater weight. Inspired by a speech from activist Marcus Garvey, the song speaks of liberation from mental and physical oppression, urging listeners to “emancipate yourselves from mental slavery.”

Its raw simplicity and poignant message resonate far beyond reggae, making it one of the most powerful protest songs in history.

4. ‘Three Little Birds’ (1977)

Few songs radiate positivity quite like ‘Three Little Birds’. Featured on Exodus (1977), its cheerful melody and reassuring lyrics — ”Don’t worry about a thing, ’cause every little thing is gonna be alright” — have comforted listeners for generations.

Some believe the title refers to three actual birds Marley saw outside his window, while others speculate it represents his backup singers, ‘The I Threes’.

The I-Threes

The I-Threes were the most influential female singing group in the history of Jamaican music, featuring Rita Marley, Marcia Griffiths and Judy Mowatt. They provided the rich harmonies for Bob Marley’s performances and recordings from 1974 until his death 10 years later.

Regardless of its inspiration, the Three Little Birds’ message of optimism and its lighthearted reggae groove continue to bring joy worldwide.

5. ‘Buffalo Soldier’ (1983)

Released posthumously on Confrontation (1983), ‘Buffalo Soldier’ tells the historical story of African American soldiers forced to serve in the US Cavalry after the Civil War.

Through Marley’s lyrics, the song highlights themes of oppression, survival, and resilience, making it both a history lesson and an anthem of empowerment.

The song’s catchy chorus — ”Woy yoy yoy” — and steady reggae beat make it one of Marley’s most recognizable tunes, resonating deeply with themes of black identity and resistance.

6. ‘Could You Be Loved’ (1980)

A perfect fusion of reggae and disco, ‘Could You Be Loved’ stands out as one of Marley’s most danceable tracks. Released on Uprising (1980), the song carries an uplifting message about staying true to oneself in the face of societal pressures.

Its pulsing beat, infectious guitar riffs, and smooth harmonies gave it crossover appeal, making it a global hit. With its universal lyrics and irresistible groove, the song remains a favorite on dance floors and reggae playlists worldwide.

7. ‘Is This Love’ (1978)

Featured on Kaya (1978), ‘Is This Love’ is one of Marley’s most romantic songs, whose smooth, mellow reggae rhythm pairs beautifully with heartfelt lyrics describing deep, unconditional love.

Marley’s warm, soulful vocals make it feel like an intimate confession, while the song’s dreamy melody remains instantly recognisable. Its laid-back yet passionate vibe has made it a beloved favorite for couples and reggae lovers alike.

8. ‘Jamming’ (1977)

A joyous celebration of music and togetherness, ‘Jamming’ is one of Bob Marley’s most energetic tracks. Released on Exodus (1977), the song’s lively groove and carefree lyrics make it an anthem for good times.

The catchy chorus — ”We’re jamming, I hope you like jamming too” — embodies the essence of reggae and its power to bring people together. A staple of Marley’s live performances, the song remains a feel-good classic that continues to electrify audiences worldwide.

9. ‘Stir It Up’ (1973)

Originally written by Marley in 1967 and recorded by Johnny Nash, ‘Stir It Up’ became a global hit when The Wailers released their own version on Catch a Fire (1973).

A sensual, romantic tune, the song’s smooth lyrics and relaxed rhythm create an irresistible groove. With Marley’s velvety vocals and The Wailers’ laid-back instrumentation, ‘Stir It Up’ is one of reggae’s most enchanting love songs, evoking warmth and intimacy.

10. ‘I Shot the Sheriff (1973)

One of Marley’s most famous songs, ‘I Shot the Sheriff’ tells the gripping story of a man accused of murder. First appearing on Burnin’ (1973), the song’s lyrics reveal a man admitting to shooting a corrupt sheriff but denying the killing of a deputy.

The track’s themes of injustice and resistance struck a chord with listeners. While Marley’s version was already a reggae hit, Eric Clapton’s 1974 cover introduced it to rock audiences, further cementing its legendary status.

Born in Nine Mile, Jamaica, Marley began his career in 1963, after forming the group Teenagers with Peter Tosh and Bonney Wailer, which became the Wailers — who released their debut studio album in 1965; The Wailing Wailers, which included the single ‘One Love’, a reworking of ‘People Get Ready’.

It was popular worldwide and established the group as a rising figure in reggae. The Wailers released 11 more studio albums, and after signing to Island Records, changed their name to Bob Marley and the Wailers.

The Wailers

While initially employing louder instrumentation and singing, they began engaging in rhythmic-based song construction in the late 1960s and early 1970s, which coincided with Marley’s conversion to Rastafari.

Around this time, Marley relocated to London, and the group embodied their musical shift with the release of the album The Best of The Wailers (1971).

Bob Marley and the Wailers began to gain international attention after signing to Island and touring in support of the albums Catch a Fire and Burnin’ (both 1973).

Following their disbandment a year later, Marley carried on under the band’s name. The album Natty Dread (1974) received positive reviews and in 1975, following the global popularity of Eric Clapton’s version of Marley’s ‘I Shot the Sheriff’, Marley had his international breakthrough with his first hit outside Jamaica, a live version of ‘No Woman, No Cry’ from the Live! album.

This was followed by his breakthrough album in the United States, Rastaman Vibration(1976), which reached the Top 50 of the Billboard Soul Charts.

A few months later, Marley survived an assassination attempt at his home in Jamaica, which was believed to be politically motivated, which forced him to permanently relocate to London, where he recorded the album Exodus, which incorporated elements of blues, soul and British rock — which had commercial and critical success.

In 1977, Marley was diagnosed with acral lentiginous melanoma which he died of in May 1981 and as fans around the world expressed their grief, and he received a state funeral in Jamaica.

The greatest hits album Legend was released in 1984 and became the best-selling reggae album of all time, that also ranked Marley as one of the best-selling reggae music artists of all time, with estimated sales of more than 75 million records worldwide.

He was posthumously honoured by Jamaica soon after his death with a designated Order of Merit (OM) by his nation and in 1994, Marley was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

The Rolling Stone ranked him No. 11 on its list of 100 Greatest Artists of All Time and No. 98 on its list of the 200 Greatest Singers of All Time.

His other achievements include a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award, a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and induction into the Black Music & Entertainment Walk of Fames.—Music career content by Wikipedia

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Civil Society at the Finance in Common Summit Calls for Community-led, Equitable, and Human Rights-based Development

Civil Society, Climate Action, Climate Change, Development & Aid, Energy, Environment, Financial Crisis, Food and Agriculture, Global, Headlines, Human Rights, Inequality, Sustainability, TerraViva United Nations

Opinion

Civil society organisations and community leaders at the Finance in Common Summit 2023. Credit: Sebastian Barros/Forus

CAPE TOWN, South Africa, Feb 24 2025 (IPS) – As public development banks gather for the Finance in Common Summit (FiCS) in Cape Town, South Africa, civil society and community activists from across the world are demanding a shift to a community-led, equitable, and human rights-based development approach, that prioritise people and planet over profit, and a reform of the global financial architecture.


“With more than 10 % global investment flowing through them each year, public development banks hold immense responsibility—not only to fund infrastructure and development but to do so in a way that is just, inclusive, and sustainable. Development that does not listen to the voices of the people it affects is not true development; it deepens inequalities, harms ecosystems, and leaves communities behind. True development is not done for communities, but with them”, says Mavalow Christelle Kalhoule, Chair at Forus.

Since its first edition in 2020, civil society has been playing a critical role at FiCS in ensuring public development banks are accountable to the people they serve, and in amplifying the voices – too often ignored – of communities in the Global South who are most directly affected by development projects.

“Over the next few days, the world’s public development banks will be patting themselves on the back for all the good they’re doing around the world. But all that glitters is not gold. Way too often these institutions are replicating a neocolonial and neoliberal approach, dividing the world between those to be sacrificed and those to benefit from the sacrifices”, says Ony Soa Ratsifandrihamanana, Africa Regional Coordinator at the Coalition for Human Rights in Development.

Civil society organisations and community leaders at the Finance in Common Summit 2023. Credit: Sebastian Barros/Forus

Amidst rising inequality, debt crises, and the climate emergency, public development banks must move beyond rhetoric and commit to concrete, transformative actions. This is why over 300 civil society groups have joined forces to bring their demands at FiCS, calling on development banks to champion a new era of development finance, placing human rights, community leadership, and environmental sustainability at the core of all financing decisions.

“The world is passing through the most critical and testing times of its history and once again the solutions are being imposed without the consent, participation and engagement of citizens at large and representative civil society in particular. This is the time to think, reflect and act out of the box, and this opportunity of coming together at FiCS should not be considered business as usual,” says Zia ur Rehman, Secretary General and Director at the Asia Development Alliance.

In a context of shrinking civic space and increasing attacks against the human rights movement, development banks should also play a more decisive role to make sure people can actively and safely participate in decision-making processes and consultations.

“While development banks acknowledge the importance of civil society engagement, their frameworks often fall short in implementation, resulting in limited access to information, tokenistic public participation, and a lack of accountability for reprisals against activists,” says Manana Kochladze, Strategic Area Leader – Democratization and Human Rights at CEE Bankwatch Network. “There is a pressing need for development banks to collaboratively develop a unified and proactive approach to safeguarding and expanding civic space”.

More than 60 civil society organizations and community activists will also join the Summit in-person, to share their first-hand testimonies on the actual impact of development projects. From renewables in Kenya to green hydrogen projects in Chile, too often projects presented as sustainable are displacing local communities, polluting the environment, and failing to ensure that the benefits trickle down to those most in need.

Civil society organisations and community leaders at the Finance in Common Summit 2023. Credit: Sebastian Barros/Forus

“When decisions are made without the input of local voices, finance becomes an instrument of exclusion, perpetuating inequality and undermining true progress. We demand a comprehensive overhaul of global financial structures that prioritizes community rights. A shift to people-led finance will enable genuine economic transformation, lifting up every individual and fostering resilient, inclusive growth that benefits society as a whole,” says Ndeye Fatou Sy, Programs Manager at Lumière Synergie pour le Développement (Senegal).

The Lesotho Highlands Water Project, for instance, provides water to South Africa in exchange for royalties and generation of hydropower for Lesotho, but has led to devastating socio-economic and environmental impacts. Hundreds of families have been involuntarily resettled and more than 30,000 people lost their cropland and grazing land, with a particular impact on women.

“As we gather at the Finance in Common Summit, we remind public development banks that front-line communities should not bear the cost of development. Public development banks must create and use independent accountability mechanisms to hear directly from local communities and ensure that their land, livelihoods, and environment are protected,” says Robi Chacha Mosenda, Senior Associate at Accountability Counsel.

Civil society and community representatives participating at the Summit will also present viable and alternative solutions, such as small-scale and renewable energy solutions that are led by Indigenous communities themselves.

“Any form of financing by multilateral development banks should start with support to community-led planning initiatives that ascertain that decisions on energy alternatives centre the rights of affected persons and communities”, says Mwebe John, Africa Finance Campaigner at Recourse. “Multilateral development banks are investing more money than ever into renewable energy, but the scale and kind of projects matters if these investments are going to truly power people and protect the planet. Community-led projects are popping up everywhere – from rooftop solar in India, to micro hydropower in Indonesia, and rural mini grids in Rwanda and Tanzania. These are the types of projects to be supported,” adds Federico Sibaja, IMF Campaign Manager at Recourse.

These stories show that it is key for development banks to use FiCS as an opportunity to step out from their echo chamber, listen to those who are bearing the brunt of their investments, and strengthen the dialogue with civil society.

Lorena Cotza is Communications Lead, Coalition for Human Rights in Development

IPS UN Bureau

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CARICOM Leaders Take Steps to Tackle Crime, Climate, Trade and Food Crises

Climate Change, Climate Change Finance, Conferences, Development & Aid, Economy & Trade, Editors’ Choice, Education, Environment, Featured, Food Security and Nutrition, Headlines, Human Rights, Humanitarian Emergencies, Latin America & the Caribbean, Least Developed Countries, Small Island Developing States, Sustainable Development Goals, TerraViva United Nations, Trade & Investment

Conferences

Leaders of the 15 member states of the Caribbean Community concluded their 48th meeting on February 21 with commitments to tackle growing climate change and food security challenges, education and trade reform, while declaring crime and violence a public health concern.

Press Conference to mark the end of the 48th Regular CARICOM Heads of Government Meeting (L-R) CARICOM Secretary General Dr. Carla Barnett, Prime Ministers Philip Davis (Bahamas), Dr. Keith Rowley (Trinidad & Tobago), Mia Mottley (Barbados), Andrew Holness (Jamaica) and President Dr. Irfaan Ali (Guyana).

Press Conference to mark the end of the 48th Regular CARICOM Heads of Government Meeting (L-R) CARICOM Secretary General Dr. Carla Barnett, Prime Ministers Philip Davis (Bahamas), Dr. Keith Rowley (Trinidad & Tobago), Mia Mottley (Barbados), Andrew Holness (Jamaica) and President Dr. Irfaan Ali (Guyana).

DOMINICA, Feb 24 2025 (IPS) – CARICOM leaders wrapped up a crucial meeting on February 21, reaffirming their commitment to tackling pressing regional challenges with unity and resolve. From crime and security to education, trade and climate change, the leaders highlighted the need for decisive action amid global uncertainties.


Education Transformation

Barbados’ Prime Minister and CARICOM Chair Mia Mottley told the press that the leaders agreed to establish a CARICOM Educational Transformation Commission—a body that will move the region’s education systems beyond outdated foundations.

“We all accept that our educational systems are not fit for purpose. They were designed for a colonial period with a hierarchical system that only served a few, not all of our people. If we are to be able to ensure that we produce citizens fit for the time, with the appropriate social and emotional learning targets, we must move now,” she stated.

Over the coming weeks, the commission’s Terms of Reference and composition will be finalized, marking a major step in reshaping regional education policies.

Violence and Crime: Existential Threats

Outgoing Trinidadian Prime Minister Dr. Keith Rowley, attending his final CARICOM Heads of Government meeting, highlighted the increasing crime surge across the region, particularly the rise of gang violence in some countries.

Trinidad is still in a state of emergency over surging crime levels.

“We agreed that the changing nature of crime is such that action and acts of violence in the public space in certain instances must now be regarded as acts of terrorism. We are talking here about indiscriminate shooting in a public place where perpetrators endanger all and sundry.”

The leaders endorsed the classification of crime and violence as a public health issue and committed to appointing a high-level representative on law and criminal justice to design a strategic plan for modernizing the region’s criminal justice system.

Critical Climate Change Concerns

Another existential threat that leaders are grappling with is climate change.

Representing small island states that contribute minimally to global emissions but face disproportionate vulnerability to its impacts, the CARICOM leaders voiced their frustration with unmet promises by major polluters.

The USD 100 billion climate fund promised in 2015 remains unfulfilled, leaving these nations without critical support.

“For several years we attempted to see how we could shake up those who are pledging and committing to live up to their pledges and commitments. They decided to come up with a new regime called the New Collective Quantified Goal,” said Bahamian Prime MInister Philip Davis, adding, “All I can say is that we should continue our advocacy to ensure that not only is finance available to small island developing states but also to ensure that there will be easier access and timely release of funds once a request is made.”

A Changing Trading Environment

Meanwhile, Jamaican Prime Minister Andrew Holness addressed concerns over shifts in United States trade policy and their potential impact on regional economies.

“We must be prepared. We cannot approach this with panic and we should accept that with these changes the concern should not only be disruption in the normal routine of trade, but that there could also be great opportunities for the region.”

Holness announced that CARICOM will conduct a comprehensive review of its trade relations with the U.S., aiming to deliver a policy direction within the next few months to support regional governments.

Mounting Food Security Worries

Guyanese President Irfaan Ali warned of escalating food security issues due to rising global food prices, bird flu outbreak and increased logistics costs. The region faces a 20% decline in U.S. egg production, leading to a 70% price hike, adding further strain.

“Increased climate-related challenges, increased transportation and logistics costs, and uncertainty in tariffs and trade rules will have a significant impact on the cost of food globally and in our region,” Ali stated.

Ali said that if Brazil is affected by these challenges, it could lead to major problems with pricing and supply for the region. In response, CARICOM is exploring alternative supply routes and strategies to enhance regional capacity against a potential major shock in the global market.

The Dream of Stability—and Elections—in Haiti

The crisis in Haiti remained a focal point of discussions. Prime Minister Mottley reaffirmed CARICOM’s dedication to stabilizing the nation.

“This last incarnation of the Haiti situation goes back to the gas riots of September 2022. It has been an unacceptably long period of time to bring stability and relief to the people of Haiti. You will appreciate that there are some matters that are delicate at the discussion stages, but suffice it to say CARICOM expresses solidarity with the government and people of Haiti that we will work with the United Nations and all of the other friends of Haiti to be able to ensure that Haiti is in a position to have its elections in a fair and free way.”

Martinique’s Potential Associate Membership

In a historic move, CARICOM leaders signed an agreement with France and Martinique, paving the way for the French territory to become the newest associate member of CARICOM, pending ratification by the French government. If approved, Martinique will join Anguilla, Bermuda, the British Virgin Islands, the Cayman Islands, Montserrat and the Turks and Caicos Islands in this capacity.

The way forward

The meeting concluded with a renewed commitment to collective action and regional unity.

Like she did two days before at the meeting’s opening ceremony, the CARICOM Chair underscored the importance of a united CARICOM taking action towards a sustainable future.

“Now, more than ever, unity is crucial for overcoming the shared challenges posed by the world,” Prime Minister Mottley said.

IPS UN Bureau Report

 

Is the UN’s Human Rights Agenda in Jeopardy?

Civil Society, Democracy, Featured, Global, Global Governance, Headlines, Human Rights, Indigenous Rights, IPS UN: Inside the Glasshouse, TerraViva United Nations

Credit: United Nations

UNITED NATIONS, Feb 24 2025 (IPS) – The UN’s human rights agenda is in danger of faltering since the Geneva-based Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (UNHCHR) is planning to “restructure” the office, under the moniker OHCHR 2.0.

But this proposal, if implemented, would result in the abolition of the Special Procedures Branch, established by the Human Rights Council (HRC), to report and advise on human rights from thematic and country-specific perspectives.


The question remains whether or not the HRC will give its blessings to the proposed restructuring. Currently, there are more than 46 thematic mandates and 14 country-specific mandates.

The Special Rapporteurs (who are also designated “independent UN human rights experts”) cover a wide range of thematic issues, including investigations into extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, racism and xenophobia, human rights in the Palestinian territories, right to freedom of opinion and expression, rights of the indigenous peoples, violence against women, human rights of immigrants, among others.

https://www.ohchr.org/en/special-procedures-human-rights-council/current-and-former-mandate-holders-existing-mandates

Ian Richards, an economist at the Geneva-based UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and former President of the Coordinating Committee of International Staff Unions and Associations, told IPS the staff of the Special Procedures Branch play an essential role in supporting the work of the special rapporteurs.

He said former UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan described their work as the jewel in the crown of the UN human rights system.

“We know that some of their recent work has created pushback. There is a belief is that they are being penalized for this”.

“The High Commissioner for Human Rights “hasn’t accepted to meet with the staff union to discuss this, which is unusual. We hope he will change his mind,” said Richards.

Some of the Special Rapporteurs have been vociferously critical of member states, including Israel, on war crimes charges in Gaza, and also countries in the Middle East and South-east Asia, like Singapore and Saudi Arabia, for continuing to enforce the death penalty.

In a press release last week, two Special Rapporteurs said Singapore must urgently halt the execution of Malaysian national Pannir Selvam Pranthaman for drug trafficking.

“We have repeatedly** called on Singapore to halt executions for drug offences which are illegal under international human rights law on several grounds,” the experts said.

“We reiterate that under international law, only crimes of extreme gravity involving intentional killing meet the threshold for the death penalty,” the experts said. “Mandatory death sentences are inherently over-inclusive and inevitably violate human rights law.”

“There is no evidence that the death penalty does more than any other punishment to curb or prevent drug trafficking,” they said.

The experts warned that the rate of execution notices for drug-related offences in Singapore was “highly alarming”. They noted that eight people have already been executed on these charges since 1 October 2024, a period of just four and a half months.

Speaking off-the-record, a UN source told IPS the staff of the Special Procedures Branch fear the “re-structuring” is being done in order to reduce the effectiveness and voice of the Special Rapporteurs. And the High Commissioner’s refusal to consult with the union may be evidence of this, he said.

“As you may be aware, the special rapporteurs, and one in particular, have been vocal on the issue of Gaza, which has generated complaints from a number of member states to the High Commissioner. To seek a second term, he needs their support”.

According to the UN, Special Rapporteurs/Independent Experts/Working Groups are independent human rights experts appointed by the United Nations Human Rights Council. Together, these experts are referred to as the Special Procedures of the Human Rights Council.

Special Procedures experts work on a voluntary basis; they are not UN staff and do not receive a salary for their work. While the UN Human Rights office acts as the secretariat for Special Procedures, the experts serve in their individual capacity and are independent from any government or organization, including OHCHR and the UN.

Any views or opinions presented are solely those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the UN or OHCHR. Country-specific observations and recommendations by the UN human rights mechanisms, including the special procedures, the treaty bodies and the Universal Periodic Review, can be found on the Universal Human Rights Index https://uhri.ohchr.org/en/

The Office of the High Commissioner is being funded by the UN regular budget and voluntary contributions.

But UN Special Rapporteurs are not paid a salary by the United Nations. They receive funding primarily through logistical and personnel support from the Office of the High Commissioner.

They often also receive additional funding from private foundations and NGOs like the Ford Foundation and Open Society Foundations, which can raise concerns about potential conflicts of interest due to the source of funding.

Special procedures cover all human rights: civil, cultural, economic, political and social as well as issues relating to specific groups. Special procedures mandate-holders are either an individual (called a Special Rapporteur (SR) or Independent Expert (IE)) or a Working Group (WG) of five members, according to the UN.

As part of their mandates, special procedures examine, advise and publicly report on human rights issues and situations. They conduct thematic studies and convene expert consultations, contribute to the development of international human rights standards, engage in advocacy and provide advice for technical cooperation.

Upon the invitation from Governments, they visit particular countries or territories in order to monitor the situation on the ground. Special procedures also act on individual cases and concerns of a broader, structural nature by sending communications to States and other entities in which they bring alleged violations or abuses to their attention.

Finally, they raise public awareness of a specific topic through press releases or other public statements. Special procedures report annually to the Human Rights Council; the majority of the mandates also report annually to the General Assembly

In 2024, OHCHR received a total of US$268.9 million in voluntary contributions. As in previous years, the overwhelming majority of voluntary contributions came from Member States and International organizations including the European Commission and UN partners.

IPS UN Bureau Report

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From trailblazer to track star: Dr. Del Meriwether and his Duke roots

In honor of Black History Month, The Chronicle takes a look at Wilhelm Delano “Del” Meriwether, Duke’s first Black medical student and a world-class sprinter: 

As Wilhelm Delano “Del” Meriwether watched the United States track team struggle against France during a 1970 track meet, he boldly told his wife, “Hey, I think I can beat those guys.”

Myrtle Meriwether waved her husband’s comment off. Del was not an athlete. He had neither a coach, nor any training experience. At the time, he was a 27-year-old hematologist who had become the first Black person to graduate from the Duke School of Medicine just three years prior.

But a year after Del made his ambitious declaration while lying in bed watching the American sprinters flounder on TV, he made good on his promise. A doctor by day but sprinter by night, Meriwether broke world records seemingly without breaking a sweat, eventually finding himself inches away from becoming an Olympian just two years after he stepped onto the track for the first time.

Despite the acclaim, Meriwether’s track accolades constituted just one chapter of a long and dynamic career featuring civil rights activism, public health leadership and investment in underserved communities at home and abroad.

* * *

Born on April 23, 1943, in Nashville, Tennessee, and raised in segregated Charleston, South Carolina, Meriwether displayed an aptitude for science from a young age. He appeared in the national science fair twice while attending Burke High School and worked in a veterinary hospital while still a student. By the time he graduated, Meriwether had been recognized by the American Veterinary Medical Association for his research on internal parasites found in dogs.

Impressed by his accolades, Michigan State University recruited Meriwether to its veterinary program in the fall of 1960. After a year at the school, however, he realized that his interests lay in human medicine, so he decided to switch to the pre-medical route.

Accordingly, after completing his MSU degree program in just three years, Meriwether ventured to Duke in 1963. He was the University’s first African American medical student and the only Black student in his class.

In a 2008 interview by Jessica Roseberry, then-oral history program coordinator at the Duke University Medical Center Archives, Meriwether said he applied to Duke at his father’s encouragement.

“Duke was not my first choice,” he said. “… During the sixties, Duke [alongside] a number of other schools in the South needed some guidance and pushed to diversify its student body, and as a result, I … agreed to come to Duke.”

He explained that several schools in the region were actively recruiting Black students in the wake of a new federal policy that mandated hospitals and medical institutions be racially integrated in order to qualify for federal funding. Despite the University’s delay in diversifying its student body, Meriwether maintained that “[t]he school itself was not a solid resistant entity.”

“[T]hey simply needed help, and with my father and others, we helped liberate a good institution,” he said. “Everyone benefited.”

As part of the admissions process, though, Meriwether was asked to come to Duke for an interview — an experience that almost convinced him to not enroll at the University. After his Sunday evening arrival at the Raleigh-Durham airport, a tired and hungry Meriwether made it to campus looking for something to eat.

The University cafeteria was closed, so Meriwether asked a Black woman on duty where he could find food. She replied, “there’s no place nearby for Black men and women to eat,” but when Meriwether pressed further, she eventually gave him vague directions to a place named “the Blue Light.”

But Meriwether was turned away by the restaurant’s owner, who stated that the young Black man “did not belong inside the restaurant with clients.” After a 10-minute standoff, an angry Meriwether left hungry.

He said he refrained from telling Duke’s administration about the incident. Once he was accepted, though, he made it a priority to push the University to change both its policies and the policies of private establishments that served Duke students to become more inclusive.

Influenced by the Civil Rights Movement, Meriwether advocated for increasing the diversity of students and faculty on campus. The hospital also integrated its wards while he was a student, though he noted he was not an “active” participant in the process, which went “smoothly” with the “blessing” of some University administrators.

While many of his peers who led integration efforts at other universities faced backlash and made national headlines, Meriwether did not find his experience at Duke to be “a huge event.”

“I don’t think that it’s always necessary to make a big to-do about something that is morally right and that needs to be done,” Meriwether said in the 2008 interview. “I think the quieter things can be done, the better.”

In 1967, he graduated from Duke with honors.

Meriwether went on to pursue an internship at the University of Pennsylvania, working under former Duke professor James Wyngaarden, and in 1969, he moved to the Baltimore Cancer Research Center. It was then that he picked up running on the side, for “exercise and entertainment,” he said.

By June 1971, Meriwether was competing in the Amateur Athletic Union championships against world-record holders. Clad in an unconventional uniform of gold swimming trunks and black-and-white suspenders over a hospital T-shirt, he clocked a stunning nine seconds in the 100-yard dash. At the time, the feat had only been achieved by one other man. Meriwether’s time was deemed “wind-aided” — otherwise, he would hold the record today (though the event was replaced by the 100-meter dash in most competitions in 1970).

Meriwether picked up several national titles over the course of his running career. Representing the Baltimore Olympic Club, he logged a 9.6 100-yard in the South Atlantic AAU meet, a 9.5 in the Baltimore Municipal Games and a 9.4 at the All-Eastern. Meriwether’s sprinting escapades remained a side hustle; though he spent his nights training alone on the Johns Hopkins University track, his days were devoted to treating leukemia patients.

Still, the young hematologist’s prowess at the sport was undeniable. He was profiled by national outlets including The New York Times, Sports Illustrated and Time, and readers couldn’t get enough of the thrilling underdog tale.

But staying true to the shooting star storyline his ascendancy seemed to emulate, Meriwether’s moment in the spotlight was short-lived. In 1972, the fledgling track star lost out on a chance at that year’s Olympic Games due to a knee injury. After a similar injury took him out of the running in 1976, Meriwether retired from the sport to focus on his career in medicine.

Before retiring from running, Meriwether had completed his residency at the Ohio State University, then conducted hematology research at Harvard Medical School and Boston’s Thorndike Memorial Laboratory before earning a master’s degree in public health from Johns Hopkins.

He served as a 1973-74 White House Fellow, and in 1976, he was appointed director of the U.S. Public Health Service’s National lnfluenza Immunization Program amid fears of a swine flu epidemic. There, Meriwether led a team that helped immunize 40 million people against the virus by the end of the year.

In 1983, Meriwether moved to Gazankulu, South Africa, on a mission trip with his second wife, Nomvimbi, who was born and raised in the African country but studied in the United States as an adult. There, Meriwether became one of only six physicians available to treat half a million people.

The couple’s stay was only meant to last a year, but they ended up spending eight years serving the community, a period Meriwether looked back on as “the most rewarding of [his] life” in a 1997 interview with Sports Illustrated.

Some of his work entailed petitioning for supplies, teaching about birth control and treating patients at the rural Tintswalo Hospital. Many of Meriwether’s patients were women, children and elderly refugees who had been relocated from the neighboring country of Mozambique, then in the throes of civil war.

According to Meriwether, his experience of the American Civil Rights Movement and integrating Duke’s medical school prepared him to be a part of the South African anti-apartheid movement, which he characterized in 2008 as “the last civil rights movement on earth based on color.”

“I prefer to use the word ‘liberate,’ as opposed to merely ‘integrate,’” Meriwether said in the 2008 interview. “… My wife and I did not integrate South Africa. We helped liberate those who were in positions of leadership, as well as the masses who were discriminated against and confined.”

In 1990, Meriwether returned to the U.S. and served as an emergency doctor in the Washington, D.C. area. He has since provided emergency medical services in Pennsylvania and Maryland.  

He and his wife founded the Meriwether Foundation in 2007, a nonprofit that operates “health, education, nutrition and economic empowerment programs in rural and peri-urban areas of South Africa, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Malawi and Mozambique.”

Meriwether — now 81 years old — has retired in Maryland, passing on the baton to the next generation of Duke’s Black medical students.

Editor’s note: Meriwether did not respond to The Chronicle’s request to interview ahead of publication.


Zoe Kolenovsky profile
Zoe Kolenovsky | News Editor

Zoe Kolenovsky is a Trinity junior and news editor of The Chronicle’s 120th volume.


Srilakshmi Venkatesan

Srilakshmi Venkatesan is a Trinity first-year and a staff reporter for the news department.

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